The Key Principles Of Neoliberalism Essay - 1052 Words

(B. KamiÅ„ski 225). However, the package was met with a flurry of criticism from prominent economists and journalists. Echoing the key principles of neoliberalism, the economist Tomasz JezioraÅ„ski argued that the principal weakness of the package consisted in granting the full responsibility for economic performance to the central administration. The free enterprise characterized by responsibility and autonomy, he insisted, was incompatible with economic coercion by the state (B. KamiÅ„ski 226). As a consequence of protests of similar nature, the government eventually withdrew the package in question from further consideration. Following the revolutions of 1989, neoliberals were able to forge new alliances with Solidarity members through a participation in a new and democratically-elected government. In particular, Balerowicz played a central role in shaping the nation’s economic reform by assuming the Deputy Prime Minister post and putting forward the Balcerowicz Plan, which effectively outlined the agenda for transitioning from central planning to a market economy. As Bohle and Neunhà ¶ffer argue, neoliberals eventually succeeded in winning the support of not only the general public but also of the political elite associated with Solidarity (99). They were able to capture the public imagination by insisting on a new and concrete set of policies, which opposed European â€Å"normalcy† and freedom to the Soviet stagnation and authoritarianism. Thus, although Sachs and otherShow MoreRelatedAdam Smith And Karl Marx1674 Words   |  7 Pagesare profoundly important in locating and investigat ing the roots of neoliberalism as well as exploring alternatives ways to challenge neoliberal economics in the face of its post-cold war expansion as the inevitable and only alternative to redistribution and economic justice. This essay traces the emerging ideas of classical liberalism as articulated by Smith and their subsequent deployment in the debates that produced neoliberalism. In this context, Marx and Marxism are utilized to expose and deconstructRead MoreThe Political Theory Of The Chilean Economy1112 Words   |  5 Pagesreport established the roots of the neoliberal project that comes later (Narbona, 2014). The radical shift the neo-conservative (neoliberal) project imposed to the Chilean domestic political economy has been global, though. In a broad sense, neoliberalism is â€Å"a theory of political economy practices proposing that human well-being can best be advanced by the maximization of entrepreneurial freedoms within and institutional framework characterized by private property rights, individual liberty, unencumberedRead MoreThe Issue Of Freedom And Power1696 Words   |  7 PagesFreedom and Power Introduction The issue of freedom and the power that accompanies it, have occupied the history of human kind in the course of their existence. Mostly, this has emanated from the unequal distribution of these two key significant factors that revolve around the lives of humankind. Freedom and power have been subject of struggle. Various sections of human population endeavor to uphold their element of self-determination that is defined by these two important components. Scholars believeRead MoreConflicts Are International Problems And Require Global Rather Than National Effort1694 Words   |  7 Pageseffort to eliminate and therefore the international society to recognize it to eliminate the institutions that make war likely. Therefore, the humanitarian organizations have increasingly stressed the need for the international community to embrace principles of human rights, diversity, good governance and participation when responding to situations of insecurity and violent conflict (Botha, 1989). Et hnic conflicts are therefore often caused by an attempt to secure more power or access more resourcesRead MoreThe Role Of Education In The New Zealand Government966 Words   |  4 Pagesuniversity student like myself. Having never voted in an election, my knowledge of the political system, and the terminology for that matter is far from adequate. Stepping into the shoes of a politician, this paper has allowed me to examine the two key ideologies that have shaped the radical reforms in New Zealand politics and more specifically, how these have influenced the role of education. An account of social democracy, showing your understanding of its strengths and/ or limitations in Aotearoa/NewRead MoreThe Legacy Of Ford s Policies1682 Words   |  7 Pagesbecame known as neoliberalism. (Steger Roy, 2010, p. 9). Neoliberalism, which once again championed a self-regulating free market and free trade without government interference, but this time on an international scale. Steger and Roy (2010) explore the three manifestations of neoliberalism: its ideology, mode of governance, and policy objectives. As shared ideas, beliefs, and values, accepted as true, and anchoring individual and societal action, ideologies under neoliberalism embrace free marketsRead MoreThe Economics And Social Hierarchy Essay1621 Words   |  7 PagesNeoliberalism is defined as the way in which our government approaches the economics and social hierarchy in our society. (Neoliberalism, 2015) states that it is an approach to economics and social studies in which control of economic factors is shifted from the public to the private sector. Neoliberalism are giving more attention towards schools that do not necessarily need this as much as the other schools, in order to make the government look better and are more in support of neoliberalism. SchoolsRead MoreModernization And Neoliberalism : Economic Status And Growth1841 Words   |  8 Pagesin the primary models of development, modernization and neoliberalism, both of which in turn offer their own implications and consequences. It is these consequences that inspire Sachs, and many others, to seek out a more comprehensive definition and approach to development. As was previously stated, the two most prevalent theoretical models of development are modernization and neoliberalism. These ideologies are both centered on the principle of development-as-growth with growth, in this sense, equatingRead MoreNeoliberalism And Capitalism And Privatization Essay1930 Words   |  8 PagesINTRODUCTION In recent history, neoliberalism has become engrained in the very fabric of our society. It encompasses every intricacy of modern day life and its importance can be measured in many ways. Not least the volume of debate surrounding the topic. Economists across the globe have presented conflicting interpretations of the success of neoliberal policy and the degree to which it is responsible for the international financial crisis’s of the past. Prominent neoliberals such as Friedrich HayekRead MoreWhy Water Should Be Treated As Human Right Or Not776 Words   |  4 Pagesthe 1970 s and the 1980 s, the scholars identified two ideas of efficiency and externalities to support the argument that the value of water needs to be increased. Regarding efficiency, Environment Canada (1983) noted from the angle of economic principles that when a good is undervalued it tends to be overused. The best example of the implications of this for natural resource management was described by Hardin (19 68) regarding the tragedy of the commons. Hardin noted that in Britain, a common

Differences Between The And Black Poor Neighborhoods

Poor, rich, young, old, competent, incompetent, faith, heart, courage, hope and lost of hope as well as lack of faith and respect to the system. The conditions in urban communities are low income and no help of money, culture and values. The differences of helping the weak or the strong, in the society of those who have power. The streets or the nihilistic that exist in the world by inner-city and black poor neighborhoods, which is better to have in the world to come through-depending for society to help or being independent and making similar rules as juice and the codification of the streets. Anderson said expect in the most general sense, it is wrong to speak of America cultural as if it was a single entity (p1). West said this viewpoint involves a subtle historical and sociological analysis of slavery, Jim Crowism, job and residential discrimination, skewed unemployment rates, inadequate health care, and poor education (p1). The differences and similarity concept of society or the people in low income communities and its values, culture on one s beliefs to live and the support to low income families. The people with more power are caught up with the structure of the world and how to properly maintain the situations besides focusing on both citizens that are poor and the benefit of the homeless people. An the concept of the subculture of the larger picture of American culture. The poor to rich or rich to poor that live in a stage of series that combine us apartShow MoreRelatedA Public Housing Building Program1101 Words   |  5 Pagesmight be solve the poverty in low income neighborhood. Also by improving wages and providing decent benefits while reducing the huge tax subsidies handed out annually to the rich. Desmond states two kind of freedoms â€Å"the freedom to profit from rents and the freedom to live in a safe and affordable home (2016: 308). Conclusion African-Americans in everywhere were segregated, and so unfair, that it seemed to create a separate and unequal experience. Black such as disadvantages group segregated inRead MoreRacial Differences Between Criminal Involvement And The Subculture Of Poverty1269 Words   |  6 PagesSocial class differences are used to explain racial differences in criminal involvement in the United States. Social Class is defined as a division of a society based on social and economic status. Usually when a person thinks about crime in the United States, he also thinks about the race of the person and the crime. Thinking about crime anywhere in the world is to think about why certain groups of population have more criminal activity and involvement than other groups. People usually focus onRead MoreStill Separate, Still Unequal1648 Words   |  7 Pagesexist, but not many people want to investigate. Jonathan Kozol, did a little more than investigate. Jonathan Kozol pointed out, in most poor neighbo rhoods the schools have mostly black and Hispanic students (348). The percentage of blacks and Mexicans students were higher than fifty percent. There was a teacher who was 65 years old who taught at a majority black school stated that Out of eighteen years, this is the first white student I have ever taught (348). Its not very common that white studentsRead MoreChild Poverty And Its Effects On Children s Adjustment1473 Words   |  6 Pagesprevalent in poverty stricken areas. The relationship between poverty and psychological childhood disorders is complicated and involves extensive studies and research showing relationships between poverty, education, healthcare, childhood experiences, social skills, housing, living conditions, culture, parenting, and supervision of all children, not just disadvantaged children. The rates of childhood psychological disorders differ based on neighborhoods and communities. It is well documented that behavioralRead MoreHip Hop Rap Music And Subcultu re1643 Words   |  7 Pages Hip-hop Rap Music and Subculture The topic I have chosen for this review is the association between a particular music genre and a subculture. In particular, the issue of focus is the association of the hip-hop rap genre with the black youth subculture in America. As a youth subculture, hip-hop emerged in the 1970s from New York City’s borough of the Bronx. The African American community was the root of the music genre, which gained popularity in the 1980s and 1990s. As part of its growthRead MoreThe Disunited States Of America Essay1536 Words   |  7 Pagesin their modes of worship† still holds to be true in modern times. However, Paine’s assertion that â€Å"by the simple operation of constructing government on the principles of society and the rights of man, every difficulty [that evolves from these differences] retires† no longer applies in today’s world. Though our government has a constitution that upholds these â€Å"principles of society† and â€Å"rights of man,† difficulty has certainly not â€Å"retire(d)†. As Paine’s book proceeds to evaluate the consequencesRead MoreThe Black White Achievement Gap911 Words   |  4 PagesThe Black-White Achievement Gap In the article The Black-White Achievement Gap: When The Progress Stopped, NAEP (the National Assessment of Educational Progress), discusses the past 45 years and how children in the black community have still not met the same success as their white counterparts. Not only has education been lacking in the black community but socio-economic growth and interpersonal relationships have seen a downward trend with little to no progress. Moreover, the resources availableRead MorePolice Influence on Society822 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿ Police Influence on Society Police Influence on Society 1 The relationship between police and minority societies has always been a difficult one with many issues. Before the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960’s African Americans were treated brutally by the police in the United States. African Americans along with other minority groups were often abused by police. Minorities were viewed to have no rights and this treatment was commonplace. This brutal treatmentRead MoreThe School Finance Reform Is Focused On The Distribution Of Funds Across Rich And Poor District Schools990 Words   |  4 PagesThe school finance reform is focused on the distribution of funds across rich and poor district schools. The reform was based on the thought that rich neighborhoods and households were better in spending on education. These scholars would access better programs and their family backgrounds could put them in the most precious and advanced institutions. Poorer neighborhoods on the other hand struggled to raise fees and sometimes students we re forced to drop-out due to financial challenges. The historicalRead MoreDesegregation Of Brown V. Board Of Education1530 Words   |  7 PagesEfforts to desegregate neighborhoods traces back to the 1954 Supreme Court case of Brown v. Board of Education. In recent times, in an attempt reduce both overcrowding and segregation, the NYC Department of Education presented a plan to rezone the Upper West Side. In a similar display of rage as those opposed to Brown v. Board Education demonstrated, parents threatened to take legal action to stop this plan. Parents from the well off neighborhoods were unwilling to give up the schools that they felt

Discrimination Essay Free Essays

The desire towards improvements and changes is stimulated by a particular event or scenario. It motivates and inspires us to persevere and change the outcome for the better. For my part, it started in August 2002 when two teenaged transgender teenagers were brutally murdered in the District of Columbia. We will write a custom essay sample on Discrimination Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now The murders occurred in the Southeast section of DC – an area plagued by random violence, extreme poverty, and often defeated residents. This instigated my passion for service and creating ways to fight for these peoples’ rights. It is through this that I want to express my intention to pursue a degree in public interest law. As a DC native, to some extent, I’ve been desensitized to violence. Local news stations advertise violence almost hourly. I listen to â€Å"Breaking News† having to do with multiple killings and robberies daily as a marketing tool used to increase ratings, and ultimately ad revenues. However, this case was the one that strike me the most because of my encounter with the victims a few hours before the incident. I had acquainted with these people during a popular event. While I made it home safely, I didn’t know that the victims were being shot multiple times; a terrible massacre and execution at the dark streets of Southeast Washington. Realizing the gravity of the issue, I went to AU’s GLBTA Resource and convinced the director to conduct a campus candle vigil to commemorate the victims. The vigil was attended by over 500 AU students and residents of the DC Maryland and Virginia areas. The culmination of the event was a speech given by Brett Pearsons – DC Police Chief of the Gay and Lesbian Liaison Unit. However, I felt that this action was inadequate to address the issue; I needed to be involved more. Also, my research showed that there is an alarming increase in the number of hate crimes happening in Washington D. C. This applies to individuals who identify themselves as Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender. Moreover, there is a shocking trend wherein majority of victims are people of color (black or latino), under 30, usually impoverished, and most of these crimes are not investigated as hate crimes. With these I made an important decision in my life; I wanted to take law and prosecute people who engage in such actions. With my Juris Doctorate degree I plan to practice law with the sole purpose of eradicating discrimination and violence such as this. Both inside institutions like the US Military who prescribe discrimination through legislative means and in larger society where discrimination and hate exist as a result of stereotypes, lack of education, and non-exposure. Similarly, I wish to create equal opportunities among workers in the institutional level while at the same time clamoring for the removal of societal standards that are prejudicial in nature. I can accomplish this by legal work and cases I work into. I believe attorneys can be the engineers of social change if each one is willing to meet the challenges; a fact I am determined to accept. In the future, I wish to participate and be associated with a federal or local government agency helping to prosecute criminals who engage in such crimes. Likewise, if possible, I wish to be contributing my efforts for a watchdog organization such the National gay lesbian task force, Human Rights Campaign, or the ACLU I believe. These institutions are vital in the process of creating accountability and justice among these minorities within American society. Without these types of organizations, there won’t be a check and balance in the societal system which can help legitimize the actions of individuals to pursue violent acts of discrimination and prejudice. In the end, with your acceptance, I can be able to make a difference in society as well as these groups. I know that the incident in DC was no coincidence. It was my calling to be of service to these people. With this degree, I can be able to exercise the notion that â€Å"everyone is under the law†. I feel that this is my legacy; my own imprint in effecting social change. How to cite Discrimination Essay, Essays

Colgate Swot free essay sample

Running Head: WS1 CP Paper WS1 CP Paper Amy Eckley Applied Marketing Management 541 Indiana Wesleyan University Colgate-Palmolive’s Mission Statement As a Company that strives to be the best truly global consumer products company, we are committed to doing business with integrity and respect for all people and for the world around us (Profile of Colgate-Palmolive, 2011). Strengths Product Diversification Colgate-Palmolive is a diversified company with products in many categories including oral care, personal care, home care and pet nutrition (Quelch, Laidler, 1993). The diversified product portfolio serves as a strength as it minimizes risk by not putting all of their ‘eggs in one basket’ and maximizes growth opportunity by having expanded business operations and markets to serve. Toothpaste Market Share As the global market leader in Oral Care, the company holds now 44. 7% of the global toothpaste market share (Colgate-Palmolive company (cl), 2011), which is a large portion of the market. In 2006, the Company also acquired Tom’s of Maine, a niche natural toothpaste company, which added to their marketshare (Kotler, P. We will write a custom essay sample on Colgate Swot or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Keller, K. , 2009). Global Presence Colgate-Palmolive is one of the global leaders in Consumer Products and sells its widely recognized products in more than 200 countries in the world (â€Å"Colgate. com,†). The ability to sell in a large number markets is a strength as it provides opportunity to earn more revenue. In fact, over three-fourths of their revenue comes from outside of the US. (Colgate-Palmolive company (cl), 2011) Innovation Another strength is the Company continues to invest in RD and as a result develops innovative new products such as Hill’s Prescription diet, Palmolive Nutra-Fruit, and 12-hour germ fighting toothpaste (â€Å"Colgate. om,†). In 2011, they introduced Colgate Sensitive Pro-relief toothpaste, which offers faster relief to those who suffer from tooth sensitivity (Colgate-palmolive introduces new, 2011). World Outreach Efforts Colgate-Palmolive is very involved in outreach programs, which help people and communities around the world. For example, since 1991, the company has run Bright Smiles, Bright Futures, which educates kids about oral health. These programs work to build respect for the Company as well as further brand recognition and use of the products. This program has reached 80 countries and a half a billion children (Annual Report, 2011). Global Recognition Awards In the last 10 years, Colgate-Palmolive has earned numerous recognition for being a top employer (â€Å"Colgate. com,†). Most recently, in 2010, Fortune Magazine named the company as one of the 100 best companies to work for (â€Å"2010 100 Best Companies†, 2011). This is a strength in that they are able to attract top talent to run the business, which serves as competitive advantage. Weakness Declining Stock Price In 2010, the Stock Price declined 2% overall compared to 2009 (Annual Report, 2011. ). Shareholders pay close attention to these trends when considering stock purchases and this could have a negative impact on investor interest. Reliance on Oral Care Colgate Palmolive has a high reliance on their oral care products, which increases risk should the market change significantly in that category. Oral care accounts for 33% of Colgate-Palmolive’s total sales (â€Å"Colgate. com,†). Declining Sales Sales in the Pet Nutrition Division of Colgate Palmolive, which accounts for 14% of all sales, declined 2. % in 2010. Sales also declined in Latin America, Europe and South Pacific in 2010. Sales declined 1. 5% in Latin America and 1. 5% in Europe/South Pacific. These regions account for 48% of total sales. Declining sales are a weakness, especially when the decline is impacting 62% of total sales (Annual Report, 2011. ). Slow Innovation Colgate-Palmolive, when compared to Proctor Gamble, innovates new products at a much slower rate that its competitors. Proctor Gamble spends 2 billion on Research Development each year while Colgate-Palmolive spends $500 million (Annual Report, 2011). Efficiency Colgate-Palmolive has a significant number of formulas, complex and costly logistics and packaging – all of which impacts their ability to invest funds in new product development or marketing (Annual Report, 2011). Opportunity Educating Consumers Colgate-Palmolive has the opportunity to build consumption by education people about better oral and personal hygiene. For example, Asia and India are opportunities for personal care (Annual Report, 2011). Increase Marketing Efforts The Company has the opportunity to increase marketing efforts to gain further market share. While they currently advertise, they can work to ensure they are utilizing all types of media including emerging social media and phone applications. Additional Innovation Colgate-Palmolive, like every company, has an opportunity to continually innovate through Research and Development efforts and additional consumer research. Additional innovation will drive additional market share, further earnings potential and consumer interest. Cost Savings The Company has an opportunity to remain competitive to the market by realizing cost savings opportunities through restructuring initiatives. This could include facility shut-downs and workforce reductions. Gain Market Share in Skin Cleansing and Home Care According to Colgate’s 2011 goals, they have an opportunity to become a stronger global competitor in skin cleansing, leading in liquids a successful in other large personal care categories. They also have the opportunity to become a stronger regional leader in selected Home Care categories (Company performance, 2011). Threat Consumer Product Goods Competition Colgate-Palmolive has fierce competition with Proctor Gamble, as they produce the biggest portfolio of products in the household and personal care industry. PG’s products are similar to Colgate-Palmolive and are a threat (Quelch, Laidler, 1993). Colgate-Palmolive has many other competitors, especially in household care such as Clorox and Kimberly-Clark. (Wikipedia) Counterfeit Products In 2007, counterfeit Colgate toothpaste imported from China was found to be contaminated with a poisonous chemical, diethylene glycol, which caused several people to become ill in the US. (â€Å"Fake Colgate Recalled,† 2007). This is a threat as it could occur again and cause damage to the brand. Economic Instability Due to rapid expansion in Latin America, the company is overly dependent on growth in that region making the company highly vulnerable to Latin America economic slowdown and market saturation. This is true for Mexico as well, where Colgate holds 80% of the market share of the toothpaste market (Annual Report, 2011). Retail Changes The rise of low priced, large retailers, such as Walmart, have exerted their power over their suppliers, demanding certain specifications for product and negotiating lower (Byron, 2011). Private Label Growth With the current economic challenges, private or store label brand have become more popular in large retailers such as Walmart and Target. These products are growing in popularity as they are of lower cost and earn higher profit margins (Byron, 2011). References 2010 Best Companies to Work For. (n. d). Retrieved from http://money. cnn. com/magazines/fortune/bestcompanies/2010/full_list/ Byron, E. (2011, July 28). Colgates Margins to Test Its Pricing Strategy. Wall Street Journal Eastern Edition. p. C1. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. Colgate. com. (2011, August 3). Retrieved from http://www. Colgate. com Colgate-Palmolive. (2011). Wikipedia. Retrieved August 4, 2011, from http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Palmolive_(soap) Colgate-Palmolive. (2011). 2010 Annual Report. New York, NY. Colgate-Palmolive Introduces New Sensitive Toothpaste. (2011, March 8). Financial News, Retrieved from http://www. finchannel. com/index Colgate-Palmolive company (cl). (2011, August 3). Retrieved from http://www. wikinvest. com/stock/Colgate-Palmolive_Company_(CL) Company Performance. (2011, August 2). Retrieved from http://www. colgate. om/app/Colgate/US/Corp/Livingourvalues Fake Colgate Recalled Over Poisoning Concerns. (2007, June 14). Retrieved from http://www. foxnews. com/story/0,2933,282273,00. html Kotler, P. Keller, K. (2009). A Framework for Marketing Management (4th ed). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall. (Original work published 2001) Profile of Colgate-Palmolive. (2011, August 2). Retrieved from http://www. company-statements-slogans. info/col gate-palmolive. htm Quelch, J, Laidler, N. (1993). Colgate-Palmolive Company: The Precision Toothbrush. Harvard Business Review, 9-593-064, 1-24. .

Blue Mountains Hotel College International Business

Reflective journal capturing the clients experiences as part of the presentation team. The WritePass Journal

Reflective journal capturing the clients experiences as part of the presentation team. Abstract Reflective journal capturing the clients experiences as part of the presentation team. ). Principles and practice of sport management. Sudbury, MA: Jones Bartlett Learning. Thornton, P. K., Champion, W. T., Ruddell, L. (2012). Sports ethics for sports management professionals. Sudbury, MA: Jones Bartlett.

Art History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 13

Art History - Essay Example Van Gogh has preference of painting outdoors coupled with the fascination of the night sky as part of the favourite subjects. One outstanding element of the painting ‘Starry Night over the Rhone’ is gas lighting that reflect off the elements of water through several strolls nearby. All this is neatly done in the painting’s foreground. The work is a revelation of the sky’s marvellous colours coupled with the scene’s reflections as well as the striking contrast of the artificial stars and the gas natural beauty lights. Street lanterns across the edge of the Rhone in the watershed provide sufficient lighting enabling Van Gogh fully to paint from observation direct. Van Gogh manipulated such reality into certain levels as a way of creating an impressive firmament. Through this view, the Arles town lay in the southwest while the Great Bear constellation painted within the sky is in the north. The media used by the artist include oil on canvas as well as the technique of weeping and broad brush strokes. In various letters to Wilhelmina, his sister, Gogh observed that this was aimed at painting starry sky. The display appears to be that the night is still richly coloured as compared to the day. It has hues from the intense greens, violets, and blues. If one pays attention to the painting, it is easy to see that a number of stars are lemon-yellow while others are blue or pink and green brilliance. Without expatiating on the theme, it becomes clearer that the little white dots put on blue-black are not sufficient in painting starry skies. Some hold the belief that there are hidden images that depict the Gate to Heaven while two coffins in its front seem relevant to his religious foundations. Van Gogh engaged the expressive and symbolic colour values to express emotions within the scope of reproduction for visual light, atmosphere, or appearances. Van Gogh also went on to paint the night sky immensely hanging on

Romanticism in Literary France Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Romanticism in Literary France - Essay Example Eventually the royalist establishment would also have reason to be disturbed by romanticism's revolutionary ideological component and would suddenly represent some of it most vehement assailants. The difficulty of this position especially for the royalists is described by the author as a, "still more awkward position, fighting against a doctrine without being able to attack even its living followers who were all good royalists and whose support the party did not want to lose" (Lanyi 150). The revelation that to attack the genre effectively and coherently required an ad hominem excoriation of its practitioners as opposed to a formal stylistic criticism is indicative of the politicized aesthetic that defines this critical mode of discourse. Â  On stylistic grounds, the most cogent presentation that was provided in the article came from Francois-Benoit Hoffman, an orthodox critic, who intended to meet romanticism on its own literary terms in a review of Hugo's Nouvelles Odes (Lanyi 145 ). The main thrust of this argument is that romanticism seeks futilely to circumvent the real world, a world of naturalistic images and empirical references, and attempts to access the ideal world a world that is necessarily mediated by the natural. This epistemological confusion results in highly idealized, obscurantist and difficult prose. The failure to recognize the basic mediatory of romanticism fundamentally broken. The classicists' awareness of this issue prompts them to acknowledge.... The liberal antagonism towards romanticism was engendered for two specific reasons. Initially, it was seen as a decadent and extravagant form of literature whose aristocratic appeal was disturbing, and many of the practitioners of this new form of literature were members of the royalist faction in France and consequently the products of such an association were necessarily tainted with royalist ideology. Eventually the royalist establishment would also have reason to be disturbed by romanticism's revolutionary ideological component and would suddenly represent some of it most vehement assailants. The difficulty of this position especially for the royalists is described by the author as a, "still more awkward position, fighting against a doctrine without being able to attack even its living followers who were all good royalists and whose support the party did not want to lose" (Lanyi 150). The revelation that to attack the genre effectively and coherently required an ad hominem excori ation of its practitioners as opposed to a formal stylistic criticism is indicative of the politicized aesthetic that defines this critical mode of discourse. On stylistic grounds, the most cogent presentation that was provided in the article came from Francois-Benoit Hoffman, an orthodox critic, who intended to meet romanticism on its own literary terms in a review of Hugo's Nouvelles Odes (Lanyi 145). The main thrust of this argument is that romanticism seeks futilely to circumvent the real world, a world of naturalistic images and empirical references, and attempts to access the ideal world a world that is necessarily mediated by the natural. This epistemological confusion results in highly idealized, obscurantist and difficult prose. The failure to

Incorporating Ethical Standards Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Incorporating Ethical Standards - Essay Example That is all that is needed to perform a full background check on the person using advanced HR information technology. A simpler and less digital solution would be to ask each employee for a certificate of good conduct. Performing other medical checks such as blood checks for high cholesterol and another physical test can help the company create a wellness program to increase the quality of life of its employees. 2. Incorporating ethical standards is beneficial in both the creation of contracts and technology information systems. Ethics can be included indirectly in a contract by incorporation clauses that include social corporate responsibility initiatives. For instance, a contract can stipulate that the transportation vehicles used to move merchandise must be green vehicles that use an alternative fuel other than gasoline such as trucks powered by natural gas. Including ethical clauses can serve a social purpose, but often the inclusion of social clauses increase the operating costs of a company. Ethics can help legitimize an information technology system. ... Â  The HR department must incorporate safeguarding protocols to ensure nobody has access to the privilege information written in the contracts. The use of privacy in the workplace can be considered an ethical action. 3. In your response, you mentioned that technology keeps evolving at a rapid rate. I completely agree with your statement. Moore’s Law states that the speed of computing power doubles every two years. As computing power increases the consumer benefits because people are getting better computers at cheaper prices. In certain industries inflation negatively impacting costs. The cost of a developing a new drug during the last five years has increased from $800 million to $1.2 billion. Pharmaceutical companies need to find ways of incorporating technology to lower developmental costs. 4. People that work as telecommuters do not have boundaries at work and personal life become the same. A way for a telecommuter to separate home life and work is by creating a special o ffice in their homes where they perform their work. I believe that ethics is very important for people working as telecommuters. Due to the lack of supervision telecommuters must act ethically and comply with the code of conduct of an organization. It would be unethical for a telecommuter to drink alcohol while performing work for the company. 5. A few years ago I worked at a company that had an IT specialist that often acted very unethical. He was constantly using his access to information to snoop into other employees’ lives.

Nation Building Through An Identity Realisation Sociology Essay

Nation Building Through An Identity Realisation Sociology Essay Nation-building refers to the process of constructing or structuring a national identity using the power of the state. This process aims at the unification of the people within the state so that it remains politically stable and viable in the long run. Nation-building can involve the use of propaganda or major infrastructure development to foster social harmony and economic growth. Originally, nation-building referred to the efforts of newly-independent nations, notably the nations of Africa, Post-Soviet states, to reshape colonial territories that had been carved out by colonial powers without regard to ethnic or other boundaries. These reformed states would then become viable and coherent national entities. Nation-building included the creation of national paraphernalia such as flags, anthems, national days, national stadiums, national airlines, national languages, and national myths. At a deeper level, national identity needed to be deliberately constructed by molding different gr oups into a nation, especially since colonialism had used divide and rule tactics to maintain its domination.  [1]   National identity derives from a unique blend of human will and material circumstance. To understand how people or states identify themselves, and therefore what interests and visions motivate them. So some questions of national identity are not simple. National identity exists alongside many other meanings of identity. It does not always override them all, or not in every circumstance. Consider personal identity both philosophically and psychologically. Three questions can be asked: How do each of you perceive yourself, how do you want to be perceived by others, and how do others actually perceive you? These three questions are obviously related, but do not always give the same answer at all times and in all circumstances. Of course, this term was investigated and examined before. For instance, I chose Anthony D. Smiths explanation for it, and I must say that I agree with him. So, he says that, whatever else it may be, what we mean by national identity involves some sense of political community, however tenuous. A political community in turn implies at least some common institutions and a single code of rights and duties for all the members of the community. It also suggests a definite social space, a fairly well demarcated and bounded territory, with which the members identify and to which they feel they belong.  [2]  This was very much what the philosophers had in mind when they defined a nation as a community of people obeying the same laws and institutions within a given territory. This is, of course, a peculiarly Western conception of the nation. But then the Western experience has exerted a powerful, indeed the lead ing, influence on our conception of the unit we call the nation. A new kind of policy the rational state and a new kind of community the territorial nation first emerged in the West, in close conjunction with each other. They left their imprint on subsequent non-Western conceptions, even when the latter diverged from their norms. But it is worth definition of nation. According to this view, nations must possess compact, well-defined territories. People and territory must, as it were, belong to each other, in the way that the early Dutch, for example, saw themselves as formed by the high seas and as forging (literally) the earth they possessed and made their own.  [3]  But the earth in question cannot be just anywhere; it is not any stretch of land. It is, and must be, the historic land, the homeland. A historic land is one where terrain and people have exerted mutual, and beneficial, influence over several generations. The homeland becomes a repository of historic memories a nd associations, the place where our sages, saints and heroes lived, worked, prayed and fought. All this makes the homeland unique. Another thing, by which the national identity can be defined, is the idea of patria, a community of laws and institutions with a single political will. It explains as least some common regulating institutions that will give expression to common political sentiments and purposes. So, concurrent with the growth of sense of legal and political community we may trace a sense of legal equality among the members of that community. It also implies a common code of laws over and above local laws, together with agencies for their enforcement, courts of final appeal and the like. As important is the acceptance that, in principle, all members of the nation are legally equal and that the rich and powerful are bound by the laws of the patria. Finally, the legal equality of members of a political community in its demarcated homeland was felt to presuppose a measure o f common values and traditions among the population, or at any rate its core community. In other words, nations must have a measure of common culture and a civic ideology, a set of common understandings and aspirations, sentiments and ideas that bind the population together in their homeland. The existence of these common assumptions allows us to list the fundamental features of national identity as follows: 1. an historic territory, or homeland 2. common myths and historical memories 3. a common, mass public culture 4. common legal rights and duties for all members 5. a common economy with territorial mobility for members.  [4]   By moving to another term, nation, I can make a result of the nation. Nation can be defined as a named population sharing an historic territory, common myths and historical memories, a mass, public culture, a common economy and common legal rights and duties for all members.  [5]   Such a working definition invented the complex and abstract nature of national identity. The nation, in fact, draws on elements of other kinds of collective identity, describes not only for the way in which national identity can be combined with these other types of identity-class, religious or ethnic-but also for the different rearrangements of nationalism, the ideology, with other ideologies like liberalism, fascism and communism. Such a definition of national identity also sets it clearly apart from any understanding of the state. The latter refers exclusively to public institutions, differentiated from, and autonomous of, other social institutions and exercising a monopoly of coercion and extraction within a given territory. The nation, on the other hand, signifies a cultural and political bond, uniting in a single political community all who share an historic culture and homeland. This lack of congruence between the state and the nation is exemplified in the many plural states today. Indeed, Walker Connors estimate in the early 1970s showed that only about 10 per cent of states could claim to be true nation-states, in the sense that the states boundaries coincide with the nations and that the total population of the state share a single ethnic culture. While most states aspire to become nation-states in this sense, they tend to limit their claims to legitimacy to an aspiration for political unity and popular sovereignty that, even in old-established Western states, risks being challenged by ethnic communities within their borders. These cases, and there are many of them, illustrate the profound gulf between the concepts of the state and the nation, a gulf that the historical material to be discussed shortly underlines.  [6]   To gain a fuller understanding of what nationhood involves, it may be helpful to clear away two common misunderstandings that bedevil this question.  [7]  The first is the confusion of nation and state. In ordinary speech nation is sometimes used as a synonym for state: when someone refers to the newly emerging nations of the Third World, it is very likely that they are really talking about newly created states. This usage is not likely to be helpful if we are trying to clarify the principle of nationality, since one of the main issues we have to consider is precisely the relationship between nations and states, and in particular the question whether each nation has a right to its own state. When this question is posed, nation must refer to a community of people with an aspiration to be politically self determining, and state must refer to the set of political institutions that they may aspire to possess for themselves. Let us say, following Weber, that a state is a body that successfully claims a monopoly of legitimate force in a particular territory.  [8]  We count states by seeing how many such bodies there are. Some of these states will be multinational, in the sense that they exercise their rule over several discrete nations. The Soviet Union was such a state; rather unusually, it openly conceded that the peoples it governed were of different nationalities. (More than one hundred were recognized.) Rather less common is the case where a single nation is for historical reasons divided between two states. This was the case for the Germans before the reunification of 1990, and is still the case for the Chinese and Koreans today. A third case occurs where people of a single nationality are scattered as minorities in a number of states-the position today of the Kurds and the Palestinians. None of this would make sense if we did not understand nation and state in such a way as to make it an empirical question whether those who compose a nation are all united politically within a single state. If we look to history, nations emerge over time as a result of numerous historical processes. As a consequence, it is a pointless undertaking to attempt to locate a precise moment when any particular nation came into existence, as if it were a manufactured product designed by an engineer. Let us examine why this is so. All nations have historical antecedents, whether tribe, city-state, or kingdom. These historically earlier societies are important components in the formation of nations. For example, the English nation emerged out of the historically earlier societies of the Saxons, Angles, and Normans. However, these historical antecedents are never merely just facts, because key to the existence of the nation are memories that are shared among each of those many individuals who are members of the nation about the past of their nation, including about those earlier societies. Every nation has its own understanding of its distinctive past that is conveyed through stories, myths, and h istory. Whether historically accurate or not, these memories contribute to the understanding of the present that distinguishes one nation from another. This component of time when an understanding of the past forms part of the present is characteristic of the nation and is called temporal depth. As the mind of the individual develops within various contexts, such as the family or different educational institutions, it seeks out those various and fluctuating traditions that are at hand. The child learns, for example, to speak the language of his or her nation and what it means to be a member of that nation as expressed through its customs and laws. These traditions become incorporated into the individuals understanding of the self. When those traditions that make up part of ones self-conception are shared by other individuals as part of their self-conception, one is then both related to those other individuals, and aware of the relation. The relation itself, for example living in the same geographical area or speaking a common language, is what is meant by the term collective consciousness. This term in no way implies the existence of a group mind or a combination of biological instincts, as if humans were a colony of ants. Rather, it refers to a social relation of each of a number of individuals as a consequence of those individuals participating in the same evolving tradition. When those individuals not only participate in the same tradition but also understand themselves as being different from those who do not, then there exists a self-designating shared belief, which is called a collective self-consciousness, that is, a distinctive culture.  [9]   Also, there is a very short and well defined explanation of nation by Ernest Renan. He says, that, a nation is a soul, a spiritual principle. Two things constitute this soul: the past and the present. The past refers to the possession in common of a rich legacy of remembrances; the present is the actual consent, the desire to live together, the will to continue as a nation. To have accomplished great things together in the past, and to wish to do so again, that is the essential condition for being a nation. A nation is a grand solidarity constituted by the sentiment of sacrifices. A great aggregation of men, with a healthy spirit and warmth of heart, creates a moral conscience which is called a nation. This explanation fully concludes the definition of nation for better understanding. So, if we talk about nationality

The Regrets of a Time Gone By :: essays research papers fc

The Regrets of a Time Gone By Poetry is a language of understanding. The reader must be able to comprehend the various known connotations for words as well as be able to pick up on the uncommon and unknown meanings of words. Poets are masters of language. They constantly manipulate words to make a specific connotation fit the ideas and scenarios that they choose to describe. Therefore, poetry is a language that requires a reader to closely read and pay attention to certain aspects in order for he or she to understand the poet’s message. The poet, Robert Frost, takes the idea of a harvest and uses it as a metaphor to expound upon different aspects of life. In the poem, â€Å"After Apple-Picking,† Frost uses imagery, figurative language, and a reminiscent tone to demonstrate to the reader the various emotions and complications of life. What at first glance from the title seems to be a poem about picking apples is really a metaphor about retirement. The first idea the poem illustrates is that the speaker has no true desire to depart from his work. His â€Å"long two-pointed† ladder that still rest upon the same tree â€Å"toward heaven still† is a metaphor symbolizing his reluctance to leave and accept that the day is coming to an end (line 1)(line 2). He becomes unable to fulfill his last day’s work as though the completion of the task would make the finalization too real. He mentions the â€Å"barrel the [he] didn’t fill† and refers to â€Å"some apples that [he] didn’t pick† that still hang from â€Å"some bough† as though he is leaving something behind that he truly cares about or some matter of unfinished business (line 5). The speaker struggles between feelings of regret and feelings of satisfaction as he ponders his accomplishments and the opportunities that he let pass him by in life. His emotions run the gamut from lament to fulfillment as he slightly regrets the fact that he is â€Å"done with apple-picking now (line 6).† He mentions an â€Å"essence of winter sleep† present in the air which is easily interpreted as a sense of hibernation or a long restful and peaceful slumber that is sure to come very soon (line 7). Grounding this poem in reality reassures the fact that it is after a long day, or era, and the speaker is reflecting on all that has passed him by in that time.

The Importance of Ethics

Ethics is a major part of any profession that involves the well being of others. When someone has an influence on another individual’s life, ethical judgment is always involved. In the profession of social work, the people that one serves are the â€Å"raw material† of the organization (Schissler-Manning S, 2003. ) The social worker is there to serve the people that rely on their assistance. I have always had a strong desire to help others in making their lives better. I strive to make ethical decisions while keeping the clients best interest and the best interest of the community in mind. With my personal ethics to guide me, as well as the guidance of my coworkers and other available resources, I will be successful in helping others while staying ethically and professionally correct. Social workers shape and change the lives of the people that need them. Anyone who works with people is doing ethical work, but social workers and human service workers are especially important, because they have a major impact on the lives of the people that they assist. Because of this, people who choose to work in that field must have solid ethics. According to Markkula Center for Applied Ethics 2010, Ethics are well rounded standards of right and wrong. It is important for social workers to have good judgment of right and wrong, while always having the best interest of the client in mind. The primary mission of the social work profession is to enhance human well being (Schissler-Manning S, 2003. ) Human service organizations function to protect, maintain and enhance the well being of individuals through services that defines, shape, and alter their personal characteristics and attributes (Hasenfeld,1983. The social worker must have strong ethics and morals and also follow professional codes and obey the law. I have wanted to be a social worker and work in the human service field for as long as I can remember. I love helping other people and making a positive influence on their lives. I think my strong moral and ethical standing will take me a long way in the human service field and assist me in becoming a caring and dedicated social worker. I have a clear understanding of what is right and wrong and tend to think things out rather than make rash decisions. I think my biggest weakness is possibly having too big a heart. I tend to become emotionally and personally attached very quickly. I have trouble turning people who need help away and think about the people that I help even after my work day is done. As a human service worker, I know this is something that I need to work on. It is not good to become personally involved with the client. I know that if I continue to use to good ethical judgment, follow professional rules and the law, I will be ok. My plan for ensuring good ethical decisions in my career is to make good moral decisions, ask for guidance from my leaders and co-workers, follow the NASW code of ethics and keep the best interest of the client and community in mind. Self regulation is essential to professional ethics and professional leadership (Schissler-Manning S, 2003. ) Using both internal and external regulation is imperative in the human service field. Internal regulation is our conscious. I will listen to my conscious when making ethical decisions, because I know those decisions will affect the lives of others. The external regulation or (code of ethics), is equally important. The National Association of Social workers or NASW code of ethics is intended to serve as a guide to the everyday professional conduct of social workers (Schissler-Manning S, 2003. ) By following the code of ethics, as well as listening to my own ethics and reasoning, I will be able to assist the client to the fullest while keeping the organization and community’s best interest in mind. I am sure I will face ethical dilemmas along the way, but if I follow code and use my morals and personal discretion, I am sure that I will make solid ethical decisions. Being a social worker is something that I have wanted to do since I was a child. I realize that by making the commitment to help and serve those that need assistance, I am agreeing to make good ethical decisions. It is important that I stay morally true to myself as well as be professional. I will strive to be the best social worker that I can while following procedure and always looking out for the clients well being.

The Versailles Treaty Put an End to World War I

The Versailles Treaty Put an End to World War I The Versailles Treaty, signed on June 28, 1919 in the Hall of Mirrors in the Palace of Versailles in Paris, was the peace settlement between Germany and the Allied Powers that officially ended World War I. However, the conditions in the treaty were so punitive upon Germany that many believe the Versailles Treaty laid the groundwork for the eventual rise of Nazis in Germany and the eruption of World War II. Debated at the Paris Peace Conference On January 18, 1919- just over two months after the fighting in World War Is Western Front ended- the Paris Peace Conference opened, beginning the five months of debates and discussions that surrounded the drawing up of the Versailles Treaty.   Although many diplomats from the Allied Powers participated, the big three (Prime Minister David Lloyd George of the United Kingdom, Prime Minister Georges Clemenceau of France, and  President Woodrow Wilson  of the United States)  were the most influential. Germany was not invited. On May 7, 1919, the Versailles Treaty was handed over to Germany, who was told they had only three weeks in which to accept the Treaty. Considering that in many ways the Versailles Treaty was meant to punish Germany, Germany, of course, found much fault with the Versailles Treaty. Germany did send back a list of complaints about the Treaty; however, the Allied Powers ignored most of them. The Versailles Treaty: A Very Long Document The Versailles Treaty itself is a very long and extensive document, made up of 440 Articles (plus Annexes), which have been divided into 15 parts. The first part of the Versailles Treaty established the League of Nations. Other parts included the terms of military limitations, prisoners of war, finances, access to ports and waterways, and reparations. Versailles Treaty Terms Spark Controversy The most controversial aspect of the Versailles Treaty was that Germany was to take full responsibility for the damage caused during World War I (known as the war guilt clause, Article 231). This clause specifically stated: The Allied and Associated Governments affirm and Germany accepts the responsibility of Germany and her allies for causing all the loss and damage to which the Allied and Associated Governments and their nationals have been subjected as a consequence of the war imposed upon them by the aggression of Germany and her allies. Other controversial sections included the major land concessions forced upon Germany (including the loss of all her colonies), the limitation of the German army to 100,000 men, and the extremely large sum in reparations Germany was to pay to the Allied Powers. Also enraging was Article 227 in Part VII, which stated the Allies intention of charging German Emperor Wilhelm II with supreme offence against international morality and the sanctity of treaties. Wilhelm II was to be tried in front of a tribunal made up of five judges. The terms of the Versailles Treaty were so seemingly hostile to Germany that German Chancellor Philipp Scheidemann resigned rather than sign it. However, Germany realized they had to sign it for they had no military power left to resist. Versailles Treaty Signed On June 28, 1919, exactly five years after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, Germanys representatives Hermann Mà ¼ller and Johannes Bell signed the Versailles Treaty in the Hall of Mirrors in the Palace of Versailles near Paris, France.

Briefly explain the major objectives or underlying philosophies of HRM

Briefly explain the major objectives or underlying philosophies of HRM Briefly explain the major objectives or underlying philosophies of HRM and what activities these may involve – Essay Example Briefly explain the major objectives or underlying philosophies of HRM and what activities these may involve The main purpose of human resource management includes maintaining better relationships between the employees and the organization, as well as between the employees themselves. In the management of human resources, activities that may be involved include development, evaluation and application of programs that relate to human resources. One of the main objectives of human resources management includes the effective and efficient use of the potential, which the workforce has. To achieve this objective, some of the activities that the human resource department may engage in include ensuring that employees are assigned targets that they can achieve. In addition, proper use of the employees’ skills will ensure that the organization achieves this objective (Randhawa 2007, p. 7). Another objective of human resources management includes ensuring that the organization achieves cost-effective employment of human resources. In order to achieve this objective, the organization should engage in activities such as offering competitive pay rates, which are neither too low nor too high. The organization should also ensure that there is no staff turnover and ensure that the investment on training of employees has returns. Human resource management also has the objective of ensuring that the workforce matches the needs of the organization. For this to be achieved, some of the activities involved include planning the workforce in order to make sure that the organization has members of staff who possess the required skills (Randhawa 2007, p. 8). The other objective of human resource management includes effective recruitment so as to ensure that the organization achieves the workforce needs. The activities involved in achieving this objective include organizing training programmes, which will play a crucial role in covering the gaps in skills that may result from technological changes or changes in processes. Human resource management also has the objective of satisfying needs of the employees both at the group and the individual level. Activities involved in achieving this objective include provision of equitable remuneration, employee benefits, providing incentives, and recognition of employees. The other objective of human resource management is to ensure that employees have high morale. This can be done through activities such as improving working conditions, provision of adequate facilities at the workplace and promotions (Randhawa 2007, p. 9). References List Randhawa, G. (2007). Human Resource Management, New Delhi, Atlantic Publishers & Dist. pp. 7-10.

Give an account of how you would prepare and deliver an effective oral Essay

Give an account of how you would prepare and deliver an effective oral presentation in which you are required to explain some key ideas of either a) jean Baudrillard or b) Michel Foucault - Essay Example city introduced a great deal of change in the society at a drastic rate, as well as in every aspect of the human life or observation over a short period of time. Postmodernism and Foucault have become such integrally related terms that none can exist without the other. Due to this reason it is essential for us to understand what actually postmodernism means. In his philosophical reflection Foucault has deconstructed all the conceived notions about human existence by penetrating within the layers of people’s intellectual capacity. At the same time, through such process, he also has attempted to explore whether there is any existence of Truth at the philosophical and spiritual level of human existence. The term Postmodernism is used most frequently in the cultural, philosophical and literary domain of today’s world. According to social observers the Western civilization and its cultural outlook are experiencing a change. This changing or the process of transition is known as the shifting from modernism to postmodernism. Though postmodernism is one of the most interesting field of study and research these days, but there is no such definition that can actually define postmodernism in the complete sense. One hand, it is quite difficult to provide proper description of the periods when the transitions are happening and on the other hand it is also not possible to figure out properly the main signs of postmodernism. Perhaps it is in the 30s, when the first time the term postmodernism was used. During this time postmodernism actually referred to change in historical spectrum of the Western world as well as certain changes that became conspicuous in the prevailing Art forms. It i s the 1970s, when postmodernism drew huge attention from scholars in every field. In his book, A Primer on Postmodernism, the author Stanley J. Grenz has commented about prevailing influence of postmodernism, â€Å"First it denoted a new style of architecture. Then it invaded academic circles,

Week 3 discussion Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Week 3 discussion - Assignment Example On the other hand, the puberty stages among girls begin by development and enlargement of the breasts. This is usually followed by increase in height, waist size and the overall body weight (Salkind, 2002). The hips also broaden followed by whitish virginal secretion, coupled by growth of pubic hair in the armpits as well as in the vaginal area. The first menstrual cycle usually occur after a period of two years (Salkind, 2002). Christian should act as role models, mentors and counselors when it comes to teaching teens on issues of sex before marriage (Kohl, 2012). In this regard, Christians should focus on open-ended discussions with teenager that discusses the consequences of engaging in pre-marital sex as well as the importance of abstaining from teen sex. This can be supported from certain quotes from the Bible that prohibits pre-marital sex and considers it a sin. An example that can be used to teach teenagers to avoid pre-marital sex is through provision of case studies of people who engaged in pre-marital sex and the challenges they faced after performing pre-marital sex. From a personal basis, the integration of Bible verses where sex is prohibited i.e. the 10 commandments may also provide imperative in such teaching. However, the major question that may arise through using Bible verses is, Could it be an effective for teenagers brought up in non-Christian